Relación entre fragilidad en adultos mayores y fuerza de prensión disminuida

Objective: To find out if decreased grip strength is associated with frailty and adverse outcomes at three-month follow-up. Materials and methods: A descriptive, observational and prospective study. Patients older than 59 years of age attending a day hospital were included in the research. The dominant hand grip strength was measured during an outpatient visit. Frailty was assessed using the Edmonton Frail Scale. The association between decreased grip strength, frailty and adverse outcomes at three-month follow-up was evaluated using the chi-square test and Student’s t-test. Results: Grip strength was measured in 82 older adults (out of whom 46 were females) whose mean age was 83.68 years. Based on the Edmonton Frail Scale, 83.33 % of the study subjects were severely frail, 87.87 % were moderately frail, 86.66 % were mildly frail and 46.66 % were vulnerable to frailty. According to this scale, “not frail” older adults were those who did not show decreased grip strength. Decreased grip strength was associated with frailty (p = 0.002). Adverse outcomes at three-month follow-up were frequent in older adults with decreased grip strength (p = 0.49) and those with frailty (p = 0.48), although such outcomes were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Decreased grip strength is associated with frailty. At three-month follow-up, all the study participants who died had decreased grip strength. Objetivo: Conocer si la fuerza de prensión disminuida está asociada con fragilidad y resultados adversos a los 3 meses de seguimiento. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, prospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 59 años que acudían al hospital de día. La fuerza de prensión de la mano dominante fue medida durante la visita clínica ambulatoria. La fragilidad fue evaluada mediante la escala de Edmonton. La asociación entre fuerza de prensión disminuida, fragilidad y resultados adversos a los 3 meses de seguimiento fueron evaluados mediante el test de Chi cuadrado y la prueba T de Student. Resultados: La fuerza de prensión fue medida en 82 adultos mayores (46 mujeres), cuya edad media era 83,68 años. Según la escala de fragilidad de Edmonton, estos adultos tuvieron fuerza de prensión disminuida: el 83,33 % de los sujetos presentó fragilidad severa; el 86,66 %, fragilidad leve, y el 46,66 % era vulnerable a fragilidad. Los adultos mayores “no frágiles”, según Edmonton, no tuvieron fuerza de prensión disminuida. La disminución de la fuerza de prensi