Aproximación teórica de instrumentos y mecanismos económico-financieros para la gestión ambiental de bahías

In view of the deterioration of the environment, mainly in coastal areas, caused mainly by the excessive actions of economic agents, a critical and descriptive vision is needed on the part of researchers. Within this framework, the environmental issue is present in the National Economic and Social Development Plan until 2030, which calls for economic mechanisms that have a positive impact on the environment. In line with this claim, the priority of creating an economic-financial mechanism for the environmental management of bays is recognized. Consequently, the objective of this paper was to socialize the theoretical references associated with the economic instruments of environmental policy, as well as the economic-financial mechanisms for the environmental management of bays. Theoretical and empirical methods were used for the documentary review and systematization of knowledge. Among the main results, the key role of environmental management was noted, highlighting the importance of establishing the theoretical references associated with economic-financial instruments and mechanisms, their components and structure and contributing to the integration of the economic dimension in environmental management and policy; as well as the use in Cuba of the economic instruments of environmental policy and the influence it has had at present at the national and international level, which allowed providing more effective solutions to the problems of the environment and its preservation. Em vista da deterioração do meio ambiente, principalmente nas áreas costeiras, causada principalmente pela ação excessiva dos agentes econômicos, é necessária uma visão crítica e descritiva por parte dos pesquisadores. Dentro desta estrutura, a questão ambiental está presente no Plano Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social até 2030, que exige mecanismos econômicos que tenham um impacto positivo sobre o meio ambiente. De acordo com esta afirmação, é reconhecida a prioridade da criação de um mecanismo econômico-financeiro para a gestão ambiental das baías. Consequentemente, o objetivo deste trabalho foi socializar as referências teóricas associadas aos instrumentos econômicos da política ambiental, bem como os mecanismos econômico-financeiros para a gestão ambiental das baías. Métodos teóricos e empíricos foram utilizados para revisar documentos e sistematizar conhecimentos. Entre os principais resultados, foi confirmado o papel fundamental da gestão ambiental, destacando a im