Dolor de cuello/hombros y espalda en adolescentes. Prevalencia y factores asociados

Objective: To establish the prevalence of neck/shoulder pain (NSP) and back pain (BP) and explore associated factors in adolescents. Materials and methods: Cross sectional study. Thirty schools were randomly selected from Bucaramanga. Sociodemographic variables, sedentary and sports activities, carrying load factors of scholar bag and postures in the school chair were registered. Four outcome variables were defined acute and chronic pain located in neck/shoulder and back pain. Log-binomial regression models were used to obtain the prevalence ratios (PR) and their 95% confidence intervals. Results: A total of 439 schoolchildren were evaluated, 231 (52,6%) female gender, age 13,8 ± 1,8 years old. Prevalence for neck/shoulder acute and chronic were 25,6% CI 95% (20,7 – 30,6) and 8,9% CI 95% ( 6,0 – 11,8) respectively; Acute back pain was 22,9% CI 95% (18,0 – 27,9) and chronic 10,5% CI 95% (7,0 – 14,0). Work (RP 2,4), watching TV (RP 1,5 – 2,0), computers use (RP 1,5) and carrying load>10% (RP 1,8) were associated with acute neck/shoulder pain; the practice of at least one sport activity (RP 0,5) and bad posture in the sitting chair (RP 7,1) for chronic pain. Load carrying (RP 1,4) was associated with acute back pain; age (RP 1,1) and > 7hours/week dedicated to sports activities (RP 0,5) for chronic pain. Additional elements load in hands was associated with the four outcome variables (RP>1,6). Conclusion: The prevalence found was very high. The associated factors may be modified by interventions directed to promote healthy styles of life in the scholar setting which must reduce pain. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de dolor de cuello/hombros y espalda en adolescentes y explorar sus factores asociados. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de corte transversal con selección aleatoria de 30 instituciones. Se registraron género, edad, tener empleo, actividades sedentarias y deportivas, factores de carga (peso de la maleta y forma de cargarla) y postura en la silla escolar. Cuatro variables de salida fueron definidas: dolor agudo y crónico, localizado en cuello/hombros y espalda. Modelos de regresión log-binomial se aplicaron para estimar las razones de prevalencia (RP) e intervalos de confianza del 95%. Resultados: Se evaluaron 439 adolescentes, 231 mujeres (52,6%), edad 13,8 ± 1,8 años. Las prevalencias de dolor de cuello/hombros agudo y crónico fueron 25,6% IC 95% (20.7 – 30,6) y 8,9% IC 95% (6,0 – 11,8) respectivamente; para dolor de espalda agudo 22,9% IC 95% (1