La estructura ocupacional urbana argentina durante las recientes fases de expansión y estancamiento (2004-2019)
The objective of the article is to examine the Argentine urban labor market during recent politicaleconomic phases. Several studies addressed the performance of the labor market during the post-crisis decade of 2001; however, there is a lack of comparative analysis considering the later phases. The...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Trabajo y sociedad (Santiago del Estero, Argentina) Argentina), 2021 (36), p.231-249 |
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Zusammenfassung: | The objective of the article is to examine the Argentine urban labor market during recent politicaleconomic phases. Several studies addressed the performance of the labor market during the post-crisis
decade of 2001; however, there is a lack of comparative analysis considering the later phases. The
hypothesis is that during the whole period persisted a matrix of economic-occupational heterogeneity,
which expressed in insufficient labor demand in the most productive sectors, in employment quality
gaps and in a pattern of economic inequality between different sectors. The paper follows a
quantitative strategy based on microdata from the Permanent Household Survey (EPH). The paper
shows that: a) throughout the period, employment in the microinformal sector represented more than 4
out of every 10 jobs; b) while between 2004 and 2013 the labor demand in formal enterprises linked to
the domestic market increased, this trend was later reversed, showing a raising precariousness in the
labor market; c) although the quality of employment improved between 2004-2013, in the whole
period almost half of the jobs were precarious, and also employment quality showed a strong
correlation with economic-occupational sector; d) the structural heterogeneity of the labor market
shaped a pattern of rigid inequality between economic-occupational positions with consequences on
workers’ living conditions.
O artigo examina o comportamento do mercado de trabalho urbano na Argentina durante diferentes
fases político-econômicas recentes. Muitas investigações descreveram a dinâmica sócio-laboral da
década pós-crise de 2001, mas falta uma análise comparativa sistemática com a fase posterior. Com
base em microdados da Pesquisa Permanente sobre as Famílias (EPH), foi examinada a hipótese de
que uma matriz de heterogeneidade econômico-ocupacional teria persistido, expressa em demanda
insuficiente por emprego nos setores mais produtivos e em disparidades na qualidade de emprego e
renda entre setores econômico-ocupacionais. Os resultados mostram que: a) durante o período, o
emprego no setor informal representou mais de 4 em cada 10 empregados; b) entanto entre 2004 e
2013 a demanda por emprego no setor formal ligada ao mercado interno aumentou, mais tarde essa
dinâmica foi revertida e a estrutura ocupacional tornou-se mais precária; c) embora entre 2004 e 2013
a qualidade do emprego tenha melhorado, em todo o período o segmento precário envolveu quase a
metade dos trabalhadores; d) a heterogen |
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ISSN: | 1514-6871 1514-6871 |