Reflexiones sobre la orientación de políticas públicas sectoriales para la promoción de modelos agrícolas alternativos: el caso del periurbano productivo de Mar del Plata

Practices of cultivation the soil have been transformed over time. Through the so-called "green revolution", some developed countries introduce changes linked to the design of a technological package -including agrochemicals- as a solution to the hunger that resulted in the end of the Second World War. Subsequently, the doubtsabout the benefits of these innovations increases in international meetings, resulting in the construction of concepts such as "sustainability". In Argentina, the problems derived from "conventional" production [input-dependent] such as damage to the environment and health were conceived from the beginning as (dis)knowledge and institutional (in)capacities. Consequently, regulations designed to generate information, regulate trade, train and control were designed. However, policies oriented towards the promotion of alternative modes of production are not frequent. In this context we locate the process of production of the horticultural periurban of Mar del Plata. The aim of this article is to review the regulations aimed at promoting alternative agricultural models at the national level, and their impact at the municipal level, as well as the local production of specific regulations since the 1990s. This will open up questions about the tensions and controversies generated in relation to the design and implementation of sectoral policies. To achieve this goal, secondary information available in organizations related to the activity was systematized and analyzed, the regulations in the different jurisdictions were reviewed and the news about the subject was monitored in the media and specialized magazines. Likewise, primary information was generated through exploratory interviews. Among the results, it is highlighted that, in general, regulations support the use of agrochemicals. Although they tend to control their use, they do not propose their elimination or promote alternative models such as agroecological production. The term "sustainability" acquires different meanings according to the interests and objectives of the actors. In general, in the design of these instruments emerges the absence of instances of strategic planning, which contemplate from the beginning the negotiation between the diverse conflicting demands of the network of actors that are part of the process. Las prácticas de cultivo de la tierra se han transformado a lo largo del tiempo. Mediante la denominada “revolución verde”, algunos países desarrollados introduce