El papel de la comunicación en la construcción nacional de Cataluña: Jordi Pujol y la instrumentalización política de los medios (1968-1989)

From the beginning of his political activity under the Franco regime and during the 23 years of his presidency of the Generalitat de Catalunya, Jordi Pujol showed a great interest to intervene in the media. This article aims to describe and interpret the actions carried out by Pujol to create and/or control the media in order to help them achieve their political objectives during his anti-Francoist opposition activities and his first two legislatures as president of the Generalitat. To achieve these objectives, a qualitative research strategy was designed. It combines theoretical foundations of political science and communication sciences and triangulates the techniques of documentary analysis (legal framework, gray literature, monographs and scientific articles, and memoirs) and in-depth interviews with the protagonists of the actions analyzed, including Jordi Pujol himself. The result is an original research that sheds light on the relations between political movements and the media during the Spanish transition, a foundational moment in Spanish politics. The article shows a clear interventionist will of Pujol on the media, considered by him as infiltrated by leftist parties and hostile to Catalan nationalism. He always had an instrumental conception of journalism, both for the promotion of his party and political ideas and in the process of national (re)construction of Catalonia (a project that he shared with other parties). According to the results obtained, Pujol made the creation of mass media a fundamental objective of his political action. Desde el inicio de su actividad política bajo el franquismo y durante los veintitrés años que presidió la Generalitat de Catalunya, Jordi Pujol mostró un gran interés per intervenir en los medios de comunicación. Este artículo tiene por objetivo describir e interpretar las acciones llevadas a cabo por Pujol para crear y/o controlar medios que le ayudasen a conseguir sus objetivos políticos durante su etapa de opositor antifranquista y sus dos primeras legislaturas como presidente de la Generalitat. Para conseguir estos objetivos se diseñó una estrategia de investigación cualitativa que combina fundamentos teóricos de la ciencia política y las ciencias de la comunicación y que triangula las técnicas del análisis documental (marco legal, literatura gris, monografías y artículos científicos, libros de memorias) y las entrevistas en profundidad a los protagonistas de las acciones analizadas, incluido el propio Jordi