Análisis del origen y evolución de las infecciones respiratorias agudas de etiología viral en la población adulta, temporada 2015-2016

Introduction: It is important to know the origin and evolution of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in the adult population and to establish as soon as possible the viral etiologic diagnosis of the same, in order to determine areas of work overload. Patients and method: We prospectively studied the origin and the evolution of all adult patients with clinically suspected IRA during the period from November 1, 2015 and March 31, 2016. The hospital has been divided into three basic areas: emergency hospitalization and intensive care unit (ICU). Viral detection was performed using a technique of molecular genomic amplification type RT-PCR. Results: We analyzed 1265 respiratory specimens; 726 (57.4%) were considered negative and 539 (42.6%) positive. In the month of November 97 samples (7.6%) in December 123 (9.7%) in January 265 (20.9%) in February 347 (27.4%) and in March 433 (34.2%) were processed. The patients studied were distributed at the end of the study as follows: 457 (36.1%) emergency, 721 (56.9%) hospitalized and 87 (6.8%) were in the ICU. Influenza A and B virus globally accounted for 47.6% of all viruses detected (33.5% 14.1% influenza A and influenza B); It was also the main virus detected in each of the areas, 60.6% in the emergency department, 36.9% and 45.9% hospitalized in the ICU. Rhinovirus was the second highest percentage of virus detection (21.5% of all cases). The third virus was respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) with 69 cases (12.8%) (8.3% for type A and 4.4% for type B). Conclusions: We observed a progressive and significant increase in the number of respiratory samples analyzed from the beginning of winter. Most patients with ARI are diagnosed in the emergency room and the main influenza virus are involved and rhinovirus. Introducción: Es importante conocer la procedencia y evolución de las infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRA) en la población adulta y establecer lo antes posible el diagnóstico etiológico viral de las mismas, con el fin de determinar las áreas de sobrecarga de trabajo. Pacientes y método: Se ha estudiado prospectivamente la procedencia y la evolución temporal de todos los pacientes adultos con sospecha clínica de IRA durante el período comprendido entre el 1 de Noviembre de 2015 y el 31 de Marzo de 2016. El hospital se ha dividido en tres áreas básicas: urgencias hospitalización y Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI). La detección viral realizó con una técnica de amplificación genómica molecular tipo RT-PCR. Resulta