Modelo de los determinantes psicosociales de la identidad laboral y la vivienda en exmigrantes de Xilitla, San Luis Potosí (Centro de México)

In the context of migration, the impact of global opportunities in the local market has been a subject of study commonly approached by four hypotheses: 1) identification, 2) adaptation, 3) assimilation and 4) selection. These assumptions consider migration as an effect of the financial economic flows from which it is possible to anticipate the construction of a new identity between two different cultures, the adjustment of industrial capabilities to the demands of the local market, learning skills, knowledge according to the values of the host economy and human development from the establishment of a system of labor skills. However, except for studies relating to the identity and acculturation, these seem obvious that the study of migration is not only limited to transit from an emerging economy to a developed country, or those migration from the countryside to the city. In this sense, the objective of this paper is to test hypotheses about a fifth of the cruise, stay and return of migrants to their home due to the identity and otherness in the sense of belonging is manifested, social categorization, social representations and identity. For this purpose, we conducted a cross-sectional quantitative study with a nonrandom selection of 157 residents Xilitla, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. The results shows that the objectification and anchoring the U.S. labor market influences the identity of the respondent sample (β = 0.57). From a structural model [X2 = 15.25 (25df) p = 0.000; GFI = 1.000; RMR = 0.000] hypothesized identity-otherness was accepted and discussed according to the state of knowledge En el marco de la migración, el impacto del mercado global en las oportunidades locales ha sido un tema de estudio comúnmente abordado por cuatro hipótesis; 1) identidad, 2) adaptación, 3) asimilación y 4) selección. Estos supuestos consideran a la migración como un efecto de los flujos económicos financieros desde los que es posible anticipar la construcción de una nueva identidad entre dos culturas diferentes, el ajuste de las capacidades laborales a las demandas del mercado local, el aprendizaje de habilidades, conocimientos según los valores de la economía receptora y del desarrollo humano a partir del establecimiento de un sistema de competencias laborales. Empero, salvo los estudios relativos a la identidad y aculturación, estos parecen obviar que el estudio de la migración no sólo se circunscribe a quienes transitan de una economía emergente hacia un país desarroll