Evaluation of the DNA Polymorphism of six varieties of Chenopodium Quinoa Willd, using AFLP

The grain of Chenopodium quinoaWilld. (Quinua) is important worldwide for its high nutritional value, being the principal source of proteins of the settlers of the Peruvian Bolivian altiplano. In the process of the care and maintenance of the species in the germplasm banks for quinua there have been programs developed to allow the evaluation of genetic variation to increase the quality of the grain, the resistance to diseases, and dryness tolerance and to modulate the content of saponins. A current question is to discriminate among the varieties using molecular sensitive technologies like the RAPDs, microsatellites, RFLP; our aim was to evaluate the polymorphism of six varieties of quinua using AFLP's technology (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism). Varieties of quinua: Quillahuaman INIA (Q), Mantaro (M), Hualhuas (H), Real Boliviana (B), Salcedo INIA(S) and Illpa INIA(I), were evaluated in combinations of five pairs of primers using adapters for EcoRI and MseI to determine their polymorphisms. Our results found three combinations of major polymorphism E33/M60, E32/M48 and E32/M61, that we were able to discriminate against the variety Mantaro (M) as a variety removed from the others of the southern Peruvian altiplano Bolivian, according to UPGMAanalysis. This combination of primers also discriminate the varieties Illpa INIA and Salcedo INIA as being varieties obtained by crossings for genetic improvement. El grano de Chenopodium quinoaWilld (quinua), es importante a nivel internacional por su alto valor nutricional, siendo la principal fuente de proteínas de los pobladores del altiplano Peruano Boliviano. En el proceso del cuidado y mantenimiento de las especies en los bancos de germoplasma para quinua se han elaborado programas que permiten evaluar la variedad genética que incluyen incrementar la calidad del grano, la resistencia a enfermedades, tolerancia a la sequedad y modular el contenido de saponinas. Actualmente se trata de discriminar las variedades con técnicas moleculares sensibles como los RAPDs, microsatélites, RFLP, por lo que nuestro objetivo fue evaluar el polimorfismo de seis variedades de quinua utilizando la técnica de AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism). Así, variedades de quinua: Quillahuaman INIA (Q), Mantaro (M), Hualhuas (H), Real boliviana (B), Salcedo INIA (S) y Illpa INIA (I), fueron evaluadas en combinaciones de cinco pares de primers empleando adaptadores para EcoRI y MseI para determinar su polimorfismo. Nuestros