Representaciones sociales de la salud sexual de adolescentes sordos y oyentes en la ciudad de Bogotá

Objective. To describe and analyze the structure and content of the social representations of sexual health in three groups of adolescents: those who are deaf, those who use Colombian sign language (SLC), those with hearing, and deaf users of spoken Spanish, with the aim of considering the sexual health of populations in conditions of vulnerability, and their application in the area of public health. Method. A process-oriented interpretative qualitative study was carried out, which employed analytical techniques using networks of associations, interviews and drawings. Results. Different representations of sexual health were found among the adolescents evaluated: those who were deaf, and users of SLC focused their representations on care of the body, illness and sexual pleasure. Those with hearing, for their part, construct representations around the prevention of sexually transmitted disease and affective love, while the deaf adolescents who use Spanish do so in relation to education, affective love and conventional relationships. Conclusion. The recognition of different social representations of sexual health among hearing and deaf adolescents has become a challenge for public health to the extent that it requires the recognition of needs and services in this field from a differential perspective. The sexual health of persons in situations of vulnerability is a matter of human rights, which question the way in which policies are formed nowadays, above all in cases where identity as a basic element of the sexuality of these persons is unknown. Escopo. Descobrir e analisar a estrutura e conteúdos das representações sociais da saúde sexual de três grupos de adolescentes: surdos usuários da língua de senhas colombiana (LSC), ouvintes e surdos usuários do castelhano oral, com o fim de reflexionar sobre a saúde sexual em populações em situação de vulnerabilidade e sua aplicação ao campo da saúde pública. Metodologia. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo interpretativo de orientação processual, no que foram empregadas as técnicas analíticas do uso de redes de associações, entrevistas e desenhos. Resultados. Foram achadas diferentes representações de saúde sexual em adolescentes avaliados: os adolescentes surdos usuários de LSC, focalizam suas representações no cuidado do corpo, a doença e o prazer sexual. Do outro lado, os ouvintes constroem representações ao redor da prevenção das infecções de transmissão sexual e o amor afetivo, e os adolescentes surdos usuário