FIG. 6 in False teeth: conodont-vertebrate phylogenetic relationships revisited

FIG. 6. — DELTRAN character-optimisation tree with presentation of character changes. See Appendix 1 for character list and character states. CRANIATA, synapomorphies: 1, neural crest present; 2, brain present; 5, divided pituitary present; 6, optic tectum present; 12, paired olfactory organ; 19, sensory lines in grooves; 20, gill openings pouch-shaped; 31, lateral head vein present; homoplasies: 8, single nasal opening; 9, nasopharyngeal duct present; 10, single nasopharygeal opening; 41, visceral arches fused to neurocranium; VERTEBRATA, synapomorphies: 4, pineal organ present and uncovered; 7, cerebellum present; 13, extrinsic eye muscles present; 14, two semicircular canals; 17, sensory line system with neuromasts; 21, symmetrical gill position; 26, gill lamellae with filaments; 28, close position of atrium and ventricle; 29, closed periocardium; 43, arcualia present; homoplasies: 11, dorsal position of nasohypophysial opening; 18, sensory line grooves or canals present on head and body; 23, slanting row of gill openings; EUVERTEBRATA, synapomorphies: 48, dermal trunk skeleton; 51, calcified dermal skeleton; homoplasy: 60, rod-shaped scales; GNATHOSTOMATA, synapomorphies: 14, three semicircular canals; 20, gill opening as slits to chambers; 56, enamel present; homoplasies: 30, paired dorsal aortae; 61, oakleaf-shaped tubercles; 63, denticles in pharynx; reversals: 10, no single nasohypophysial opening; 11, no nasohypophysial opening; 41, visceral arches not fused to neurocranium; 62, no oral plates; 64, small micromeric dermal head covering in adult state; CONODONTA: no synapomophies in our data matrix, these would be hyaline and albid (white matter) tissue and their connection, base not in unit with crown and conodont apparatus.