Data from the micrometeorological tower of the Antarctic Modeling Observation System (ATMOS) project of the 40th Brazilian Antarctic Operation (OPERANTAR XL) to calculate the CO2 flux (FCO2)

Micrometeorological tower data obtained by the "Antarctic Modeling Observation System" (ATMOS) project. These data were collected in the southern summer of 2021/2022 during the 40th Brazilian Antarctic Operation (OPERANTAR XL) and were used to calculate CO2 fluxes (FCO2). A 9 m high metal micrometeorological tower was installed on the bow of the Polar Ship Almirante Maximiano, 8.75 m above sea level, for sampling atmospheric variables. In the tower, the Motion Pack II was installed, on the main shaft of the tower, to determine the ship's movement in the orthogonal directions xp, yp and zp of the platform's coordinate system, at a frequency of 20 Hz. As well as, a GPS (Global Positioning System) and an electronic compass, to determine the ship's geographic position and speed. The movement of the ship influences wind speed measurements, and as a solution, a wind speed correction was carried out.An IRGASON sensor (Campell Scientific®) was placed on the secondary shaft of the tower, configured to perform measurements at 20 Hz. The IRGASON has an open path infrared gas analyzer that measures the concentrations of CO2 and water vapor (H2O), a three-dimensional sonic anemometer, which measures the 3 vector components of the wind, and a thermohygrometer that measures air temperature and humidity. From the IRGASON collections, it is possible to calculate the CO2 flux using the Vortex Covariance method.