CO2-SPICER - CO2 Storage Pilot In a CarbonatE Reservoir: Technical Report for period 1/1/2022 – 31/12/2022

In 2022, major progress was made in building the 3D static geological model of the future CO2 storage. Several versions and different resolutions of the grid were tested. Finally, a 10x10 m cell density grid with vertical cell resolution of 1 m was prepared for the handover of the model data to the WP3 dynamic modelling team. Interpretation of seismic cube data was complemented by fracture analysis and modeling using FMS method. Distribution of petrophysical properties was modeled using upscaling of the well data and using both horizontal and base parallel layering. The geometric model made it possible to simulate the spatial evolution of gas/oil and oil/water contacts throughout the production history. Based on analysis of thermal conductivity, heat capacity and heat flow a vertical thermal model of the storage site was built to be used in modeling of supercritical carbon dioxide injection. First versions of the dynamic model of the Zar-3 site were built in 2022. The influence of CO2 on the geomechanical stiffness and strength has been evaluated using velocity measurements on core samples. Geochemistry of rocks provided numerous data on bulk rock chemical and mineralogical composition. Microscopic studies in plain polarized and fluorescent light showed principal petrological characteristics of the reservoir rocks and seals. Long term experiments on CO2-fluid-rock were carried out under temperature and pressure conditions similar to the reservoir. Geochemistry of fluids included formation water, oil and gas in Zar-3 and selected adjacent fields.