Data from: Local and global patterns of admixture and population structure in Iranian native cattle

Background: Two separate domestication events gave rise to humped zebu cattle in India and humpless taurine cattle in the Fertile Crescent of the Near and Middle East. Iran covers the Eastern side of the Fertile Crescent and exhibits a variety of native cattle breeds, however, only little is known about the admixture patterns of Iranian cattle and their contribution to the formation of modern cattle breeds. Results: Genome-wide data (700k chip) of eight Iranian cattle breeds (Sarabi N=19, Kurdi N=7, Taleshi N=7, Mazandarani N=10, Najdi N=7, Pars N=7, Kermani N=9, and Sistani N=9) were collected from across Iran. For a local assessment, taurine (Holstein and Jersey) and indicine (Brahman) outgroup samples were used. For the global perspective, 134 world-wide cattle breeds were included. Between breed variation amongst Iranian cattle explained 60% (p