Grassland extensification enhances nest densities of ground-nesting wild bees
Ground-nesting wild bees provide essential pollination services in agroecosystems, but they are jeopardized by intensive agricultural management. To mitigate such negative impacts, agri-environment schemes have been implemented. While the success of enhancing floral food resources is relatively well...
Gespeichert in:
Hauptverfasser: | , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Dataset |
Sprache: | eng |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext bestellen |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
Zusammenfassung: | Ground-nesting wild bees provide essential pollination services in
agroecosystems, but they are jeopardized by intensive agricultural
management. To mitigate such negative impacts, agri-environment schemes
have been implemented. While the success of enhancing floral food
resources is relatively well studied, the role of agri-environmental
schemes in providing suitable nesting habitat remains underexplored. We
studied the effectiveness of meadow extensification according to the Swiss
agri-environment scheme in promoting nesting of ground-nesting bees. Using
a paired design, we quantified their nests during four rounds (March-June)
in pairs of nine randomly selected extensively (i.e. no fertilizer input,
postponed first mowing) and nine intensively managed meadows with similar
soil properties, slope, exposure and landscape context. Nest numbers and
vegetation characteristics were surveyed in areas of 250 m2. Vegetation
properties were also assessed in 0.5 m × 0.5 m plots around nest locations
and randomly selected locations without nests within each meadow to assess
their role as drivers of nesting incidence (nest presence/absence) at this
plot scale. We found substantially higher nest numbers of ground-nesting
bees in extensively (mean ± SE per sampling round = 46.8 ± 14.2) compared
to intensively managed meadows (0.8 ± 0.3; no nests in three out of nine
intensively managed meadows). Extensively managed meadows harboured nests
of several dominant crop pollinator species, including aggregations of
e.g. Lasioglossum malachurum contributing to high nest densities in some
of them. Number of nests was negatively related to grass cover and
vegetation height, which were lower in extensively compared to intensively
managed meadows. Plot-level nesting incidence increased with bare ground
and moss cover, and decreased with grass cover. Synthesis and
applications. Our study shows that extensively managed meadows are better
nesting habitats for ground-nesting bees than intensively managed meadows,
if reduced management intensity is associated with altered vegetation
characteristics such as reduced grass cover and vegetation height, and
small-scale availability of bare ground, driving these effects. This
highlights that maintaining and promoting extensive management of meadows
can promote ground-nesting wild bees, including dominant crop pollinators,
not only by enhancing floral resources but also by improving nesting
opportunities in agroecosystems. |
---|---|
DOI: | 10.5061/dryad.9ghx3ffpn |