WRF-Chem model outputs to study the impact of Volatile Chemical Products, Other VOCs, and NOx on Peak Ozone in the Lake Michigan Region during June 2017

High concentrations of ozone along the coastline of Lake Michigan are a persistent air quality management challenge. Complementing observations during the 2017 Lake Michigan Ozone Study (LMOS 2017) and WRF-Chem model v4.0.0 were used to study the sensitivity of modeled ozone to anthropogenic nitrogen oxides (NOx) and Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) emissions using four different emission inventories. These inventories are based on the U.S. EPA National Emission Inventory (NEI) for years 2011, 2014, and 2017 with some modifications. “NEI11m” inventory is based on NEI11 inventory with 28% reduction in NOx emissions. “NEI17” inventory is a daily emission inventory created for the LMOS campaign period. “FIVE_VCP” inventory is based on the Fuel-based Inventory for Vehicle Emissions (FIVE) and Volatile Chemical Products (VCP) for mobile sources and VCP. Power plant emissions are updated with Continuous Emissions Monitory System data and other area and point source emissions are taken from NEI14. “FIVE_noVCP” is identical to “FIVE_VCP” with exclusion of VCP emissions. We ran the WRF-Chem model with 4km horizontal resolution and 53 vertical levels using the updated Model for Ozone and Related Chemical Traces (MOZART) and Model for Simulating Aerosol Interactions and Chemistry (MOSAIC) gas phase and aerosol chemistry mechanisms. 3km High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model outputs provided meteorological initials and boundary conditions and the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) model output provided chemical initial and boundary conditions.