PITEC

The purpose of this paper is to check whether exporting favours the outcomes of innovation, whether in itself or in interaction with efforts to innovate. Our results show that there is a favourable effect upon the results of innovation from exporting per se and in combination with the following actions aimed at introducing novel approaches: spending on research and development, training of personnel, cooperation, fundamental research, basic research, and technological developments. We use Spanish firm data from 2003 to 2016, with six explanatory models. Three of them considered the influence over the outcomes of innovation of exporting and efforts to innovate individually, while three looked at the impact from exports in interaction with activities striving for innovation. The results of estimations point to the fact that exporting has a positive effect on the outcomes of innovation, both in itself and in interaction with the other variables.