Misogyny and the construction of toxic masculinity in the Spanish Manosphere (Burbuja.info)

The anonymity of the Manosphere has provided a fertile breeding ground for the spread of misogyny through increased hate speech on the Internet. In recent years, this virtual space composed mostly of men, has been the subject of numerous studies aimed at identifying the discursive mechanisms of identity constructions that underlie the denigration of women. This paper takes the findings from international research on the subject to address a phenomenon still little explored in Spain through the analysis of misogynistic comments on Burbuja.info. Economic forum. The analysis sample comprises 4,281 messages that include the lexeme "woman" posted over 2.5 years, 761 of which contain expressions that ridicule, disparage, or insult women. Thematic analysis demonstrates the repetition of misogynistic topics and tropes common in the most radical Reddit and 4chan subforums, such as hypergamy, objectification, and the constant disparagement of the world of women, not to mention criticism of feminism, left-wing political parties, and legislation on gender violence. The results obtained show that the "male identity crisis" is narratively constructed in the messages on Burbuja.info using the motif of sacrifice -the cornerstone of a monotypic story in which the purpose of the hero-man-victim's journey is to punish the villain-woman. Furthermore, we also found that there are different configurations of identity related to attitudes toward women; these match up with the four most prominent masculinist subcultures identified in the leading literature on the subject: Men Rights activists (MRA), Men Going Their Own Way (MGTOW), Pickup Artists (PUA), and Involuntary Celibates (Incels). El incremento de los discursos de odio en internet encuentra en la anonimia de la Manosfera el terreno abonado donde diseminar la misoginia. En los últimos años, este espacio virtual integrado en su mayor parte por hombres, está siendo objeto de numerosos estudios dirigidos a identificar los mecanismos discursivos de las construcciones identitarias que subyacen a la denostación de las mujeres. Este trabajo asume los resultados obtenidos en las investigaciones internacio-nales sobre el tema con la finalidad de afrontar un fenómeno todavía muy poco explorado en España, a través del análi-sis de los comentarios misóginos de Burbuja.info, foro de economía. La muestra de análisis comprende los 4.281 mensa-jes que incluyen el lexema "mujer" publicados a lo largo de dos años y medio, en 761 de los cual