Identification and Molecular Analysis of Proteins Associated with Non-spinning Disease in the Silkworm Bombyx mori L Induced by BmNPV and BmDNV

Aims: The present study combines morphological and molecular biology investigations to uncover the underlying causes of the non-spinning syndrome in silkworms. To understand the molecular mechanism and immune mechanism after infection of viral pathogen in silkworm Bombyx mori L. Study Design: Infected silkworm samples were collected from the field and isolated the genomic DNA and total proteins. Analyzed the samples by using genomic tools and proteomic tools. Place and Duration of Study: Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka. 01.03.2023 to 31.07.2023 total 04 months. Methodology: Our findings indicate that infections of BmDNV and BmNPV are associated with abnormal growth of the silk gland, leading to the non-spinning phenotype. To confirm pathogen infection in non-spinning silkworms, we collected genomic DNA and conducted PCR analysis using specific primers for DNV and NPV. Results: Our results showed amplification of both viral infections in the isolated samples. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed differential regulation of several proteins involved in physiological and immunological processes in the hemolymph of non-spinning silkworms. MALDI-TOF/MS was used to identify an up-regulated protein of interest, which was found to be a Lepidopteran low molecular weight lipoprotein. This protein is known to play an important role in insect immune mechanisms. Conclusion: Major disease-causing agents such as BmDNV and BmNPV infections and investigate their impact on protein expression patterns in the hemolymph, shedding light on the factors contributing to non-spinning behavior in silkworms.