Normalization of grazing-incidence small angle scattering of phospholipid alloy systems at the K absorption edge of phosphorous: A standard sample approach

Anomalous grazing-incidence small angle X-ray scattering (AGISAXS) measurements of phospholipid alloy films have been performed at the K absorption edge of phosphorous. Normalization of the GISAXS intensities between those taken at different photon energies has been proposed using a glassy carbon as an intensity standard sample. Effect of sensitivity correction using the standard sample on the assessment of anomalous dispersion effect in the GISAXS profiles of dried phospholipid-cholesterol-ganglioside alloy films has been discussed at the K absorption edge of P. Importance of the use of stable intensity standards in anomalous SAXS in the soft X-ray region has been presented.