Factores de seguridad en eventos deportivos: una revisión sistemática

The sport as a sporting spectacle has gained great prominence internationally. It not only hosts athletes but also families who enjoy the view from the stands and people who make sporting events possible, such as cleaning staff, event staff, referees, etc. The objective of this systematic review is to analyze and describe, through scientific literature, the safety factors present in a sporting event. For this reason, a documentary review was carried out using the criteria established by the PRISMA method (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis; Moher et al., 2009) in the databases Web of Science, Scopus, and EBSCOhost, including articles in English, Portuguese, and Spanish from the years 2013 to 2023, registered in PROSPERO 2024 with the number CRD42024526507. A total of 45 articles were found, of which 9 were included in the present study: 4 studies related to factors affecting safety in sports venues, 2 studies related to the competencies required by the person responsible for the event, and 3 related to safety in events held in uncontrolled areas such as city streets. The findings reveal the elements that impact the planning of sporting events at all levels, as well as the skills required for those in charge of this area, such as feelings of prejudice towards rivals, personal culture, noise, drone surveillance, data theft, terrorist attacks, among others. El deporte como espectáculo deportivo ha obtenido un gran auge a nivel internacional no solo alberga a deportistas; además, familias que disfrutan desde la tribuna, y personas que hacen posible la realización de eventos deportivos como: personal de limpieza, staff, árbitros, etc. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática es analizar y describir a través de la literatura científica los factores de seguridad presentes en un evento deportivo. Por este motivo, se llevó a cabo una revisión documental, utilizando los criterios establecidos por el método PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis; Moher et al., 2009) en las bases de datos Web of Scince, Scopus y EBSCOhost, incluyendo artículos en idioma inglés, portugués y español entre los años 2013 al 2023, misma registrada en Próspero 2024 con el número CRD42024526507. Se encontraron un total de 45 artículos, de los cuales 9 fueron incluidos en el presente estudio: 4 estudios se relacionan con factores que afectan la seguridad en recintos deportivos, 2 estudios relacionados a las competencias que deb