Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Potential Indicator of Infection-Associated Emergency Visits of Renal Transplant Recipients

Infection-associated emergency department use in renal transplant recipients has been increasing as solid-organ transplant has become a more common treatment method for chronic kidney failure. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio has been demonstrated to be significantly elevated in nosocomial infections in patients treated at intensive care units and is positively correlated with duration of hospital stay. In this study, we aimed to determine whether the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio could be used as an indicator of infection in renal transplant patients presenting to emergency departments. This case-control retrospective study included data from between May 2015 and February 2018. We used the patient information management system to review patient medical records and laboratory test results of study participants. Our study included 156 adults in the patient group (recipients with infection) and 170 adults in the control group (recipients without infection). We observed significant differences between patient and control groups in terms of the number of days of hospital stay; leukocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts; the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; and C-reactive protein levels. We plotted receiver operating characteristic curves to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio along with C-reactive protein. The areas under the curve were 0.892 for C-reactive protein and 0.707 for the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio. For systemic inflammation, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio can be used in conjunction with other biomarkers as an indicator of inflammation in renal transplant recipients who present with infection-associated causes to emergency departments.