The impact of ruminal fluid lipolytic substances on the reduction of oils and fats in wastewater in the dairy industry and its influence on business decisions

The dairy industry is known as one of the major contributors to wastewater generation in terms of organic load value and effluent volume. The microbial ecosystem of the rumen that in Ecuador is considered as a waste from the slaughter mainly of cows in the municipal beds comprises at least 30 predominant bacterial species. The purpose of this work was to determine the ability of lipolytic bacteria extracted from cow rumen for the degradation of wastewater oils and fats generated by the dairy industry. Experimental tests were performed for the isolation of lipolytic bacteria from the rumen from three culture media: tributyrin, lecithinase and tr ibutirine with 5 and 10% lecithinase under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Tributyrin under anaerobic conditions was considered the most suitable culture medium for the massification of lipolytic bacteria from rumen fluid. The experimental units were conditioned also based on pH, temperature and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5). 3 pH regulating agents of the experimental units were tested: Sodium Carbonate, Sodium Bicarbonate and Bicarbonate. As pH regulating agent, sodium carbonate was used, which allowed reaching a value of 6.5 with only 5mL of dosage. Three moments of analysis were considered: the initial moment (or days), an intermediate moment (28 days) and the final moment (56 days). The ability of lipolytic bacteria to reduce the concentration of oils and fats in dairy industry wastewater in 56 days was 48.49% compared to the initial concentration, that is, 46.4 mg / L reduced to 22.5mg / L, so it was shown that its applicability is highly efficient in proportion to the research conditions. The high efficiency of these bacteria was directly related to the conditioning of pH and BOD5, based on the results that were generated by applying the correlation matrix and the Chi-square method. The analysis of the results obtained does not promote the biotechnological treatment of industrial wastewater, but also promotes the use of waste as a source of degrading organisms.