La fabulosa historia de las glifozinas

Introduction: The surprising history of gliflozins begins with the phlorizin-induced renal diabetes model and culminates with synthesizing the C glycosides derived from phloridzin: gliflozins. These drugs, specifically SGLT2 inhibitors, constitute a new class of oral antidiabetics with unsuspected beneficial effects on cardiovascular andrenal levels. Objective of the review: The aim of the present historical narrative review of the events related to developingglyphozins from phlorizin.Essential points of the review:• Phloridzin or phlorizin, a natural O-glucoside, was discovered in 1835 by two Belgian chemists: Laurent Guillaume de Koninck (1809-1887) and Jean Servais Stas (1813-1891).• Joseph von Mering described in 1883 the glucosuric effects of phlorizin, first in dogs, then in humans,which will lead to a model of nephrogenic diabetes.• In the 1950s, phlorizin was observed to block glucose transport in different epithelia, including the kidneyand intestine.• Today, phlorizin is known to be a nonspecific antagonist of glucose (GLUT) receptors. We also owe a lotto patients with congenital glycosuria, in whom inactivating mutations of GLUT receptors were identified. Conclusion: The fabulous fate of gliflozins illustrates the relevance of the history of medicine and translationalresearch that allowed significant therapeutic advances for many diabetic, renal, and cardiac patients. Introducción: La sorprendente historia de las gliflozinas se inicia con el modelo de diabetes renal inducida por florizina y culmina con la síntesis de los C glucósidos derivados de la floridzina: las gliflozinas. Estos medicamentos, inhibidores específicos de SGLT-2, constituyen una nueva clase de antidiabéticos orales con insospechados efectos benéficos anivel cardiovascular y renal. Objetivo de la revisión: El objetivo de la presente revisión narrativa histórica de loseventos relacionados con el desarrollo de las glifozinas a partir de florizina.Puntos importantes de la revisión:• La floridzina o florizina, un O-glucósido natural, es descubierta en 1835 por dosquímicos belgas: Laurent-Guillaume de Koninck (1809-1887) y Jean Servais Stas(1813-1891).• Joseph von Mering describe en 1883 los efectos glucosúricos de la florizina,primero en perros, luego en humanos, lo que dará lugar a un modelo de diabetesnefrogénica.• En la década de 1950, se observa que la florizina bloquea el transporte de glucosaen diferentes epitelios, incluidos el riñón y el intestino.• Hoy en día, se sabe que