Protective Effect of Flavonoid Rich Fraction of Sesbania grandiflora Leaves against Chemically Induced Urolithiasis in vitro and in vivo

The present study is to evaluate the antiurolithiatic effect of flavonoid rich fraction of Sesbania grandiflora leaves against ethylene glycol and ammonium chloride induced urolithiasis in experimental animals. Urolithiasis was induced in rats by feeding them with ethylene glycol and ammonium chloride in drinking water. Antiurolithiatic activity of S. grandiflora was evaluated at two doses (200, 400 mg/kg) in experimental animals. Cystone (750mg/kg) was used as standard drug. The dose effect was estimated by biochemical changes in urine, serum and histological changes in kidney. Ethylene glycol-ammonium chloride feeding caused an increase in urinary volume, oxalate, phosphate, urea, uric acid levels along with decrease in magnesium. Treatment with S. grandiflora prevent the elevation of serum creatinine, uric acid, urea and blood urea nitrogen levels as well as associated biochemical changes in animals. Histological study revealed minimum damage and less number of calcium oxalate deposits in the kidney of S. grandiflora treated animals. These results indicate that S. grandiflora reduced as well as prevented the growth of urinary stones. These finding supports the traditional use of S. grandiflora for urolithiasis.