Anti-fibrotic Effects of Rhus javanica Linn (Anacardiaceae) Extract against Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells via Regulation of TGF-beta and Smad Signaling
Purpose: To evaluate the anti-fibrotic effects of ethanol extract of Rhus javanica Linn. (Anacardiaceae) (RJE) in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) as well as explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods: The cytotoxic effect of RJE (100, 300 and 500 μg/mL) was analyzed using 3-[4, 5- dimethylth...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Tropical journal of pharmaceutical research 2015-08, Vol.14 (8), p.1413 |
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Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | Purpose: To evaluate the anti-fibrotic effects of ethanol extract of
Rhus javanica Linn. (Anacardiaceae) (RJE) in activated hepatic
stellate cells (HSCs) as well as explore the underlying mechanisms.
Methods: The cytotoxic effect of RJE (100, 300 and 500 μg/mL) was
analyzed using 3-[4, 5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium
bromide (MTT) assay in Chang liver cells. The mRNA expression of
collagen type I, alpha 2 (COL1A2), transforming growth factor-beta
(TGF-β), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and
platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) were determined using reverse
transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in HSCs. Protein
expression of collagen and Smad were measured by Western blot analysis.
Results: Treatment with RJE extract at 100, 300 and 500 μg/mL
did not show any signs of cytotoxicity to Chang liver cells. RJE at 500
μg/mL concentration influenced the morphology, reduced the
stretched fiber and decreased the number of viable cells in activated
HSCs. The increased expressional levels of fibrosis mediators such as
COL1A2, TGF-β, α-SMA were decreased by RJE (500 μg/mL)
pre-treatment. Quantification data showed that the increased band
intensity of COL1A2 (1.41 ± 0.08), TGF-β (1.23 ± 0.13),
α-SMA (1.71 ± 0.14) were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced
to 0.39 ± 0.12, 0.35 ± 0.11 and 0.04 ± 0.08,
respectively upon RJE treatment. However, RJE did not suppress the
expression of PDGF gene. Mechanistic study revealed that RJE prevented
fibrosis in HSCs via regulation of TGF-β and Smad signaling
pathways. Conclusion: The findings show that RJE inhibits fibrosis
production in HSCs and can be developed as a novel therapy for hepatic
fibrosis. This is the first report showing the beneficial effects of R.
javanica as an anti-fibrotic agent. |
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ISSN: | 1596-5996 1596-9827 |
DOI: | 10.4314/tjpr.v14i8.13 |