The Discovery of the Guanxin bianyi 観心辯異 in Ryūkoku University Library

The Omiya Library of Ryukoku University owns a copy of the Guanxin bianyi 観心辯異, compiled by Daitsū 大通. This is an old manuscript that examines the understanding of guanxin 観心, the most important aspect of the Tiantai school in the Song dynasty 趙宋天台. It can be read as a document that urges us to reconsider the term “Shanjia shanwai” 山家山外 （roughly: orthodox and unorthodox Tiantai）. The manuscript is valuable in showing how the Japanese Tendai school thought about the Shanjia shanwai controversy in the late modern period.