Approach for Zygomatic Implant Placement in Atrophic Maxilla: A Review of the Literature

Zygomatic implants are considered one of the main treatments for severe atrophic maxilla showing a favorable alternative approach compared to bone grafting while exhibiting higher survival rates, fewer complications, shorter repair period, lower costs, shorter time, large bone graft avoidance, and few prosthodontic procedures. Zygomatic implants are mainly used for posterior maxillary support in a completely edentulous patient with severe alveolar ridge resorption and major sinus pneumatization. Previous clinical studies discussed the survival and complication rates of zygomatic implants in the atrophic maxilla; these studies have demonstrated different survival rates of these implants. Our study aims to review the approach for zygomatic implant placement in the atrophic maxilla while reviewing the surgical approach, success rate, and complications of these implants.