Pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) presenting with ocular manifestations: A case report

A 14-year-old male child presented to the ophthalmologist with complaints of floaters and headache. Ophthalmic examination revealed dilated and tortuous retinal veins, perivascular infiltrates scattered throughout the fundus, and multiple white centered hemorrhages (leukemic infiltrates). A provisional diagnosis of leukemia or lymphoma was made. The diagnosis was confirmed by further systemic workup and complete blood count. A final diagnosis of CML in chronic phase was made after bone marrow aspiration, biopsy, and presence of BCR-ABL translocation. This case report highlights the role of an ophthalmologist in diagnosing and prognosticating a rare entity of pediatric CML with ocular manifestation as its presenting symptoms.