Experimental Study Comparing Structural Changes Induced by Biologic Versus Synthetic Mesh Implants in Nephropexy

Background: The study suggests that the use of the extracellular bovine-derived peritoneum matrix as a new biological implant opens up new prospects for nephropexy. Materials and Methods: Experimental nephropexy was performed in 64 white shorthaired adult rats, divided for 2 groups: extracellular bovine-derived peritoneum matrix, UltraPro mesh. Implants were 1,5*1,5cm per one animal. Observation periods were 7, 21, 30 and 180 days. The tissue was stain with H&E, Van Gieson’s with pikro-fuchin. Cellular infiltrate was evaluated by counting granulocytes, mononuclear cells, and foreign-body giant cells on five high-magnification images for each stained section (×400). Results: The use of the extracellular bovine-derived peritoneum matrix induced less intense and less prolonged chronic inflammatory response, as well as intense production of new collagen fibers more similar to the native connective tissue in terms of their histologic structure. The UltraPro mesh induced moderately persistent chronic inflammatory response throughout the 6- month study period. Conclusion: Histologic evaluation demonstrates high biocompatibility of both the extracellular bovine-derived peritoneum matrix, and the UltraPro mesh implants.The results of using new biological material are not worse than synthetic mesh. The data obtained justify further research of the extracellular bovine-derived peritoneum matrix as a plastic material for nephropexy.