A Data-constrained Scheme for the Reconstruction of Solar Wind Parameters in the Inner Heliosphere

With the development of our industrial society, the reconstruction of solar wind parameters in the inner heliosphere becomes very important to understanding the interplanetary propagation of various types of space weather disturbance. However, the situ observations of solar wind parameters are only applicable to several points where spacecraft are located. Therefore, we have to rely on the numerical technologies to reconstruct the solar wind parameters. The scheme for the reconstruction of solar wind parameters can be classified into two categories: one is based on the remote-sensing data at the Sun, and the other is based on the in situ data at 1 au. In this paper, the solar wind parameters in the inner heliosphere are reconstructed with magnetohydrodynamic simulations from 20 R s to 1 au. The inner boundary conditions are constrained by Wind observations at 1 au. The modeled results are compared with data from multispacecraft observations, such as those by Parker Solar Probe, Solar Orbiter, and the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory A and B. The results show that the solar wind parameters obtained with this new scheme agree with the in situ observations much better, which will provide a more realistic configuration for the study of various types of space weather disturbance in future.