A narrative review about challenges in periand postnatal management of gastroschisis

Gastroschisis is a malformation of the closure of the anterior abdominal wall which has had a growing incidence in recent years. It is a borderline pathology between several specialties such as: obstetrics, neonatology, pediatric surgery, family medicine and requires many resources. In general, the chance of survival of newborns with gastroschisis is high. However, complex cases with complications are more likely to have an unfavorable prognosis. The therapeutic plan should start from the intra-embryonic period, from the time of the ultrasound diagnosis and it should extend over a long period of time, which can vary depending on the case, and on the surgical options. When it comes to the management of the cases, there is no valid protocol for all the cases, and there is a great variability starting with the choice of birth time, birth pathway, the option of reintegrating the intestinal loops and closing the abdominal defect. Because of this, the cases of gastroschisis represent a challenge for modern medicine, when also taking into account the fact that the etiopathogenesis of this malformation is not clearly established and that there is a large variety of therapeutic options.