Morphofunctional Parameters of Adolescents Living in Urban and Rural Areas of Northern Krasnoyarsk Krai

This paper analyses the morphofunctional parameters of 14–16-year-old adolescents living in urban (Lesosibirsk) and rural (Bor) areas in the north of Krasnoyarsk Krai. Based on the Quetelet index, boys and girls were divided into overweight (3.1 and 5.1 % respectively) and underweight (5.1 and 37.5 % respectively). Thus, the largest proportion of adolescents with a body weight deficit was recorded among boys (37.5 %). Reserve fat below the norm (< 11 %) was identified in 41 % of boy from Lesosibirsk and 80 % of boys from Bor. Moreover, in 9 % of the boys this parameter was critically low (3–4 %), which indicates dystrophy. The somatotype analysis revealed a weak development of the endomorphic component in all the groups under study, with the exception of girls from Lesosibirsk. Especially low values of this indicator were identified among boys from Bor (1.4 ± 0.2 points). All the subjects showed a decrease in respiratory parameters, namely, vital capacity was lower than the norm (р < 0.05) in girls by 0.9–1.1 litres and in boys by 0.5–0.7 litres. In general, vital capacity and peak expiratory flow were lower in adolescents from urban areas than in those from rural areas. The share of adolescents with an increased heart rate (> 90 beats/min) was largest among girls from Lesosibirsk (38 %); this group also had the biggest share of subjects with high Baevsky Stress Index (45 %). The share of subjects with high Baevsky Stress Index among boys varied in the range of 23.5–26.6 % and in girls, of 38.9–45.0 %. On the whole, the analysis of variational pulsometry parameters demonstrated a balance of the autonomic nervous system in heart regulation in 47.1–73.3 % of the subjects.