Hyperkalemia and Cardiovascular Diseases: New Molecules for the Treatment

Potassium is a key electrolyte for the maintenance of cardiovascular system health, being involved in a broad array of vital physiological processes. Hyperkalemia is a common clinical problem and potentially life-threatening condition predominantly seen in patients with cardiac and kidney disease, especially if receiving treatment with inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis. Several studies have demonstrated the short and long-term morbidity and mortality that hyperkalemia induces in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Plenty of data is currently emerging on this topic. This paper aims to review the new strategies and molecules for improving the management of hyperkalemia.