Electromagnetic Pollution of the Environment and its Effects on the Materials from the Built up Media

In built up media (complex built environment), the materials are simultaneously exposed to a series of physical, chemical and microbiological stress factors that act synergistically with disturbing electromagnetic fields and cause material degradation - with consequences on the durability and safety in exploitation of buildings and installations. The main generative sources of disturbing fields (stray current generators) on built up media are railroads with DC or AC traction with various operating voltage and frequency, medium and high voltage overhead power lines and unbalanced currents from a three-phase power system. The generated stray currents cause destruction both in metallic elements of built structures (railroads, power installations) and in neighbouring constructions and installations (belonging to other administrations) with negative environmental implications.