Prevalence of Arcobacter species on chicken carcasses during processing in Iran

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Arcobacter spp. on chicken carcasses at different stages of broiler processing in a major commercial poultry processing plant in central Iran. Overall, 80 chicken carcasses were sampled from 5 sites along the processing line during a total of 10 visits. When the culture method was used, 185 of 400 (46.3%) carcasses were positive for Arcobacter. Arcobacter butzleri was more frequently isolated (82.7%) than Arcobacter cryaerophilus (12.4%) and Arcobacter skirrowii (4.9%). The frequency of Arcobacter spp. on carcasses was 36.3% before defeathering, 41.3% after defeathering, 48.8% after evisceration, 67.5% at 20 min postchilling, and 37.5% at 24 h postchilling. The frequency of Arcobacter spp.-positive carcasses was reduced in completely chilled chickens, but not during the slaughtering process. The PCR assay identified 57 Arcobacter-contaminated carcass samples that were negative when using the culture method. When the PCR method was used, the frequently of Arcobacter spp. on carcasses was 43.8% before defeathering, 45.0% after defeathering, 55.0% after evisceration, 88.8% at 20 min postchilling, and 85.7% at 24 h postchilling. Therefore, there was a high prevalence of Arcobacter spp., especially A. butzleri, in poultry carcasses. To our knowledge, the present study is the first report in which Arcobacter spp. were isolated from chicken carcasses in Iran.