Seroprvalence of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 and some hormones on Male Infertility in Nasiriya City, Iraq

Male infertility is a problem that affects 10–15% of males in reproductive age. The current study aimed to detect the role of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 (TGF-β1) cytokine and some hormones in infertility outpatients males at Al-Nasiriya Teaching Hospital/ Infertility Unit/Thi-Qar Governorate, Iraq. During the period from September 2022 to March 2023, 88 Serum samples from (76 infertility males and 12 control) were collected to assay the levels of TGF-β1, Testosterone, follicle Stimulating and Prolactin hormones by Sandwich-ELISA technique. Infertility patients were distributed to primary and secondary infertility type with a 66(86.84%) and 10 (13.016%) patient, respectively (P≤0.01). All infertility patients showed an elevated mean sera levels of TGF-β1 with (0.734±0.45 ng/ml), as compared with controls (0.670±0.393 ng/ml). No statistical differences were presented between the two groups included in present study regarding this cytokine (P>0.05). The levels of Testosterone, follicle Stimulating Hormone and Prolactin were (3.12 ± 0.76, 7.69 ± 3.67, 15.65 ± 2.75), (3.69 ±1.15, 5.77 ± 0.89, 13.23 ± 0.57) in primary and secondary infertility types compared to control was (6.08 ± 1.42, 7.08 ± 0.73, 11.37 ± 1.15). The present study results may shed light the role of TGF-β1 and some hormones as a serological and diagnosis tool in male infertility. This finding may be contributes as a useful tool in disease classification and assessment.