Методи та засоби забезпечення електричного захисту авіаційних стартер-генераторів постійного струму

This work focuses on the analysis and improvement of electrical protection methods for DC starter-generators (SG) in aviation systems. Starter generators play a critical role in starting aircraft engines and powering onboard systems, making their reliability a key aspect of flight safety. Existing protection methods for SG against overcurrent, overvoltage, short circuit, and reverse currents, which are implemented in current SG control and protection systems, are being studied. The analysis revealed several vulnerabilities in current protection systems, including low temperature control levels and insufficient accuracy in current measurements due to temperature fluctuations in the compensating winding resistance. The scientific novelty of this work lies in the development of new approaches to protecting starter generators, including the use of embedded temperature sensors for continuous SG temperature monitoring and the implementation of algorithms for current value compensation depending on the temperature. The use of combined current transformers capable of measuring the DC current and providing reliable short-circuit protection to the casing in any SG operating mode is also proposed. The introduction of an information exchange channel for communication with the engine control system enhances the efficiency of SG management and protection. The practical significance of this work is its potential to increase the reliability and efficiency of starter generators, positively impacting the safety and stability of aviation systems as a whole. The improvement of the starter and generating system structure includes the use of embedded temperature sensors, combined current transformers, and an information exchange channel to ensure constant parameter control and effective SG management. These improvements will contribute to the increased reliability, safety, and efficiency of starter generators, which is critically important for the stable operation of aviation systems. The proposed improvements can be integrated into existing SG protection systems to reduce the risks of failures and emergency situations, improve the monitoring of starter-generator conditions, and enhance the overall reliability of aviation systems.