Оптимізація поляризаційно-доплерівської селекції малорозмірних об’єктів на тлі підстильної поверхні

Using the method of maximum likelihood, the optimal algorithm of polarization-Doppler selection of objects on the background of the underlying surface, hydrometeors, urban buildings from aerospace carriers of radio electronic equipment has been synthesized. To solve the problem polarimetric properties of the scattered electromagnetic radiation of natural environments and anthropogenic objects were analyzed.The functional-deterministic mathematical model of the useful signalis determined. When solving the optimization problem, the method of maximum likelihood functionality and likelihood functionality for correlated processes were used, which contains the inverse matrix of inverse correlation functions of the observation equation. The obtained signal processing algorithm includes operations of spectral resection of passive interference. Polarization compensation of passive interference is performed by a combination of interchannel subtraction of the reflected signals of different polarizations. The quasi-optimal features of the synthesized algorithm, which has an obvious physical value and is optimal in the absence of internal noise, are considered. Based on the obtained results, a block diagram of the polarization-Doppler noise compensator and selection of useful signals against the background of noise reflections from the earth's surface has been developed. The study of the physical characteristics of the elements of the polarization covariance matrix of interferences at a high level of correlation of reflections of passive interferences of different polarizations is conducted.Based on the obtained results, it is proposed to introduce indicators of efficiency of passive interference compensation and selection of useful signals. The results of the analysis of the obtained indicators depending on the coefficient of the ratio of variances of passive interference indicate the need to use the polarization differences between signals and interference for selecting objects against the background of the underlying surface. The results obtained can be used to create ground-based and aerospace-based radar systems for detecting moving objects and objects with pronounced polarization features.