Nanoparticle imaging for genitourinary cancers

Lymphotrophic nanoparticle enhanced magnetic resonance imaging is a promising new diagnostic modality for lymph node staging in genitourinary malignancies. The technique utilizes ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particles to provide detailed characterization of lymph nodes for detection of metastatic disease. Early results have are promising for bladder, penile, prostate, and testicular cancer. This review provides an overview of the current state of lymphotrophic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in genitourinary cancers.