Research Capacity for Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases and their Risk Factors in Nepal: Findings of a Needs Assessment Study

Background Despite a high burden, there are limited trainings in non-communicable disease research in Nepal. Objective We conducted a needs assessment to assess existing research training capacity in academic health institutions of Nepal for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases, identify gaps in research, and explore the feasibility of developing research training program in Nepal targeting non-communicable diseases. Method We did mixed-method research and reviewed academic institution curricula and scientific articles authored by Nepali researchers. We conducted 14 Focus Group Discussions with bachelor and masters level students of public health and community medicine; 25 In-depth Interviews with department heads and faculties, and government stakeholders. We surveyed medical and public health students on their research knowledge and skills development. Result Research methodology component was addressed differently across academic programs. One-third (33.7%) of students expressed lack of skills for analysis and interpretation of data. They felt that there is a wide scope and career-interest in non-communicable diseases research in Nepal. However, specific objectives in the curriculum and practical aspects regarding non-communicable diseases were lacking. Most of the non-communicable diseases research in Nepal are prevalence studies. Lack of funding, conflicting priorities with curative services, and inadequate training for advanced research tools were reported as major barriers. Conclusion Nepal must strengthen the whole spectrum of research capacity: epidemiological skills, research management, and fund development. Generation of a critical mass of non-communicable disease researchers must go together with improved funding from the government, non-governmental, and external funding organizations.