The relationship between Giardia lamblia infection with Ghrelin hormone and Trefoil factor 3 in patients in Salah al-Din Governorate

Giardiasis is considered one of the parasitic diseases affecting humans, caused by a flagellate protozoan known as Giardia lamblia. It is a common gastrointestinal pathogen that can lead to various clinical and other complications. Study aimed to diagnose infection with the G. lamblia in children aged (1-12 years) using a direct wet mount, and to determine Giardia lamblia by targeting the TPI gene using PCR, in addition to evaluating the relationship of infection of Giardia lamblia with (ghrelin and TFF3) using ELISA assay. By examining 238 stool samples for children suffering from diarrhea and some intestinal symptoms visiting some hospitals in Salah al-Din Governorate. 34 (14.2%) positive samples were recorded by microscopic examination. 100 fecal samples using the PCR, showed 60 (60%) positive samples for the G. lamblia. The study revealed a highly significant increase in the level of TFF3 a non-significant decrease in the level ghrelin in the serum of patients with infection. Direct microscopic examination of stool samples It has good sensitivity for detecting G. lamblia parasite, and the TPI gene targeted in PCR technology has high sensitivity and specificity for genotyping detection of the parasite.