In vitro release kinetic and in vivo field trial performance of a long term sustained-release bolus for saanen goats

Controlled release studies of sustained-release boluses are of critical importance as their application in ruminants has been varying from providing mineral and vitamin support to prevent the development of clinical problems such as hypocalcemia, ketosis, and others. This study examines both morphological and kinetic release of a sustained-release bolus and its performance study on Saanen goats. The bolus was studied by the means of continued flow rig which the artificial rumen saliva was pumped through with a flow rate of 3 mL/min. In addition to zero order kinetic, there was no crack or deformation observed through the immersion times but erosion was present. Field trials conducted with a number of 28 Saanen goats show that the treatment group is of higher multiple birth rates than the control group. No triple birth was observed on the control group. However, the rate of change in the body weight significantly increased in twins and triplets compared to the control group.