Procalcitonin values after dialysis is closely related to type of dialysis membrane

Abstract Background: Infections account for considerable morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Diagnosis of infection in HD patients is challenging because the most used laboratory parameters may be increased even in the absence of infection. In this setting, procalcitonin (PCT) could be useful for detection of systemic bacterial infections. Methods: We measured high sensitivity C Reactive Protein (hsCRP) and PCT serum levels before and immediately after dialysis in 44 HD patients (22 treated with high- and 22 with low-flux membranes), without history of infections. Result: Patients on HD by high-flux membranes, but not by low-flux membranes, displayed mean PCT values significantly decreased after dialysis (high-flux: 0.50 vs. 0.26ng/mL, p=0.005; low-flux: 0.41 vs. 0.42ng/mL, p=0.863). HsCRP levels were unchanged. HsCRP correlated with PCT values both before and after HD only in patients on HD by low-flux membranes (r=0.51 and 0.47 before and after HD respectively; p