Molecular markers and plant breeding

The achievements of modern biotechnology allow to modernize significantly the traditional plant breeding. The use of molecular codominant markers reduces considerably the quantity of breeding material and promotes the selection of genotypes, which posses desirable genes in the homozygous state. Molecular marking systems of agronomically important simple and quantitative traits have been developed using mono- and multiloci systems. Markers of the plant type and development rate, alleles of the storage protein genes, Wx -genes, short-stem genes, etc., have been created and tested at the South Biotecnology Center, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The technology of the application of DNA-typing for the identification and registration of varieties that has been developed in the South Biotecnology Center is of great importance for the systematization of germplasm sources and the protection of the rights of breeders.