Titanium dioxide nano particles improving impact on sunflower seedling’s emergence performance

Seed germination and seedling emergence is the main step of cultivation and improving them could yield high performance in the field. Improved seedling emergence means less sensitivity to biotic and abiotic stress factors. It is possible to enhance seedling emergence via different technologies. Nanoparticles are one of the improving technology and their impact on crop cultivation are improving day by day. The seeds of hybrid-snack type cultivar Ahmetbey and for seed treatment agent TiO₂ nanoparticles were used in this experiment. This study was conducted to observe the impact of seed treatment with different titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles (NPs) concentrations (6, 12, and 24 mg Lˉ¹) with dimensions of 20-50 nm during 8 hours on the emergence and seedling growth performance of snack-type sunflower cultivar Ahmetbey. Four replicates of 50 seeds in each treatment were sown in plastic trays 4 cm deep and placed in a growth chamber at 20 ± 2 °C 45 μM photons m-² s-¹ light for 16 h. Mean emergence time (MET), emergence percentage, seedling vigor, root-to-shoot length ratio, shoot length, and root length seedling fresh and dry weight were measured. Emergence percentage, shoot length, root length, and fresh and dry weight of seedlings increased with TiO₂ NPs treatments. The results revealed that 8-hour priming with water has a low impact on seeds of cv. Ahmetbey compared to any treatment of TiO₂ NPs. In conclusion, it is proved that the improving effects of 8 hour priming of sunflower seeds with TiO₂ NPs solutions on sunflower seedling emergence. Tohum çimlenmesi ve tarla çıkışı, ekimin ana adımıdır ve bunları geliştirmek tarla veriminde yüksek performans sağlayabilir. Geliştirilmiş fide tarla çıkışı, biyotik ve abiyotik stres faktörlerine daha az duyarlılık anlamına gelir. Farklı teknolojiler yoluyla fide çıkışını arttırmak mümkündür. Nanopartiküller gelişen teknolojilerden biridir ve bunların bitki yetiştiriciliği üzerindeki etkileri her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu deneyde hibrid-çerezlik ayçiçeği çeşidi Ahmetbey ve tohuma ön uygulama materyali olarak titanyum dioksit (TiO₂) nanoparçacıkları kullanıldı. Bu çalışmada, ayçiçeği fide çıkışı ve fide büyüme performansını gözlemleyebilmek amacıyla, 8 saat boyunca 20-50 nm boyutlarında farklı titanyum dioksit (TiO₂) nanoparçacıkları (NPS) konsantrasyonlarında (6, 12 ve 24 mg L-1) bekletilen tohumlar kullanılmıştır. Tohumlar her tekerrürde 50 tohum olacak şekilde (50 × 4 = 200) plastik çıkış kaplarına 4 cm derinliği