Calculation of the Pressure Produced by Hydro-spark

When the electric energy is hydro-sparked, it first transforms to the heat energy, and then to the mechanical energy. Concerning those transformations, the pressures produced in three-dimensional space have been formulated as follows : in the pipe, Pmax1/r (2ηE0cρ0/5πt1) 1/2 in the water, Pmax=13.95 1/r (ηE0/t1) 1/2 in the three-dimensional space, Pmax=1/R (3ηE0cρ0/13πt1) 1/2 in the water, Pmax=10.6 1/R (ηE0/t1) 1/2 where R is the distance from the sparking gap, t is the time for the transformation of energy (the time for spark), η is the efficiency of energy transformation, ρ0 is the density of liquid, c is the speed of propagation, and Eo is the energy discharged from the capacitor bank. The maximum pressures calculated by those equations have been proved experimentally. Based on above analysis and experiments, diagrams have been drawn which express pressures developed by hydro-spark of 5000 to 20000 Joules electric energy. Those diagrams are useful in design of Hydro-spark forming machines.