Advanced Life Support in Pregnant Women and Newborns: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Challenges in the Management of Cardiorespiratory Arrest

Objective: This study aims to analyze the prevalence, risk factors, and main challenges associated with advanced life support in situations of cardiorespiratory arrest in pregnant women and newborns, highlighting the importance of specific strategies and guidelines to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. Method: An integrative literature review was conducted based on studies published between 2019 and 2024. The research followed the PICo (Population, Interest and Context) strategy, focusing on pregnant women and newborns on CPA and advanced life support. 10 relevant studies were selected after critical analysis of 205 initial articles, using the PRISMA guidelines to ensure data quality. Results and Discussion: A low incidence of cardiorespiratory arrest was observed, but with serious consequences for mothers and babies. The importance of perimortem cesarean section and adaptations in resuscitation, such as manual displacement of the uterus, stood out as crucial. Hypoglycemia and premature rupture of membranes were identified as significant causes. The integration of advanced protocols and specific training emerged as essential for improving results. The need for protocols adapted to the physiological changes of pregnancy and the importance of a trained multidisciplinary team are emphasized. The application of current guidelines, such as perimortem cesarean section, and continuous monitoring are crucial to optimize the management of CRP in pregnant women and newborns. Conclusion: Advanced life support in CPA for pregnant women and newborns is complex and requires an adapted and well-trained approach. The review underlines the importance of adequate team preparation and the implementation of updated protocols to improve survival and clinical outcomes.