Renal anemia and cardiac dysfunction in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients

Cardiac failure (CHF), renal disease and anemia are interconnected in the Cardio- Renal Anemia syndrome. Diabetes mellitus remains the most common cause of endstage renal disease (ESRD) in the developed world and when it is associated with these three conditions it worsens the outcomes of these patients. Aim:to evaluate renal anemia and cardiac dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). Materials and methods - we assessed 100 patients (40 women and 60 men), 41 patients with DM and 59 patients without DM. All patients had Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) - estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) under 60 ml/min/1,73 mp. We considered anemia when the value of haemoglobin (Hb) was under 11 g/dl. Results - Mean age of the studied patients was 60.38±11.79 years old in women and 59.28±13.89 years old in men. The prevalence of anemia was high in diabetic and non-diabetic patients, too. Anemia was more severe in patients with cardiac dysfunction than in those with normal cardiac function. The higher prevalence of cardiac dysfunction was in patients which had both anemia and DM. There were no significant differences about prevalence of diastolic or systolic cardiac dysfunction in non-diabetic versus diabetic patients. Conclusions - Anemia was an independent predictor for the development of cardiac dysfunction in patients with CKD and the prevalence of cardiac dysfunction was higher in patients who had both anemia and DM than in those without anemia and DM.