Study the effect of low-level laser therapy on osteogenic capacity of periodontal ligament stem cell: An in vitro study

The osteoblastic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) under laboratory conditions. The impact of a 915 nm diode laser at doses of 1.4, 2, 3.1, and 4 J/cm2, with irradiation time of 5, 7, 11, and 14 s, was assessed on osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs by evaluating alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition assessed by alizarin red-S staining, and the gene expression of Osteopontin and Osteocalcin by real-time polymerase chain reactions. The cells exposed to irradiation exhibited peak levels of alkaline phosphatase activity, along with increased gene expression of Osteopontin and Osteocalcin, particularly at a dose of 4 J/cm2. Also, the highest intensity of alizarin red staining was observed at doses of 3.1 and 4 J/cm2 as analysis using analysis of variance (ANOVA) (P